protected by divine names, the influences on which he relies to keep out hostile thoughts. Within the circle stands an Altar, the solid basis on which he works, the foundation of all. Upon the Altar are his Wand, Cup, Sword, and Pantacle, to represent his Will, his Under- standing, his Reason, and the lower parts of his being, respectively. On the Altar, too, is a phial of Oil, surrounded by a Scourge, a Dagger, and a Chain, while above the Altar hangs a La7?ip. The Magician wears a Crown, a single Robe, and a Lamen, and he bears a Book of Conjura- tions and a Bell. The oil consecrates everything that is touched with it; it is his aspiration; all acts performed in accordance wdth that are holy. The scourge tortures him; the dagger wounds him; the chain binds him. It is by virtue of these three that his aspiration remains pure, and is able to consecrate all other things. He wears a crown to affirm his lordship, his divinity; a robe to symbolize silence, and a lamen to declare his work. The book of spells or conjurations is his magical record, his Karma. In the East is the Magick Fire, in which all burns up at last.^ We will now^ consider each of these matters in detail. ^ He needs nothing else but the apparatus here described for invocation, by which he calls down that which is above him and within him ; but for evocations, by which he calls forth that which is below him and without him, he may place a triangle with- out the circle.